Extracted from opium poppy plant in the early 1800s, morphine was first marketed as an analgesic as is continued to be prescribed for such use as well as for extreme pain, severe coughs, and chronic diarrhea. As a single drug entity, morphine was used without restriction prior to 1914 when it was then classified as a controlled substance.
The most notable derivative of morphine is heroin which was synthesized from morphine in the 1870s. Since Bayer first brought heroin to the market in the...